The reconstruction of Ukraine after the Russian invasion will probably cost about 411 billion dollars, about 380 billion euros. That is 2.5 times the total economy of the country.
The World Bank, the United Nations, the European Commission and Ukraine itself released that calculation on Wednesday.
The damage has increased significantly since the last estimate last September. At that time, the costs were estimated at 349 billion dollars (323 billion euros). In recent months, damage to the energy supply, in particular, has increased sharply.
Since October, Russia has carried out many attacks on power plants, for example. Damage has increased fivefold since June, particularly in regions such as Donetsk, Kharkiv, Luhansk and Kherson
The amount does not only include physical damage to buildings, roads and other infrastructure. The consequences for people’s daily lives and their opportunities to earn money have also been mapped out.